Basketball rules are the rules and regulations that regulate basketball play, reffing, equipment, and processes. While many of the fundamental rules are consistent around the world, there are some exceptions. Most North American leagues or governing bodies, the most significant of which are the National Basketball Association and the NCAA, develop their own rules. In addition, the Technical Commission of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) ultimately decides rules for international play; most leagues outside North America use the comprehensive FIBA ruleset.
James Naismith authored his rules for the game he originally created, “Basket Ball,” on January 15, 1892. The original game was quite distinctive from the one played today because there was no ball movement, dunking, three-pointers, or shot clock, and goaltending was permitted. In this article, we will look at the 13 rules of Basketball formulated by Dr. James Naismith
- Throwing the Ball: With one or both hands, the ball can be thrown in any direction.
- Hitting the Ball: With one or both hands, the ball can be batted in any direction (never with the fist).
- Running with the Ball: A player is not permitted to run with the ball. The player must throw it from the same spot where he caught it, with an allowance made for a man who catches the ball while running at a good speed and tries to stop.
- Use of hands: The ball must be held in or between the hands; it cannot be held with the arms or the body.
- Personal Fouls: No shouldering, holding, trying to push, tripping, or trying to strike an opponent’s person in any way shall be permitted; the first violation of this rule by any player shall add up as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is scored, or, if there was obvious intent to harm the person, no substitute permitted for the duration of the game.
- First on Ball: A foul is defined as striking the ball with one’s fist in violation of Rules 3, 4, and as described in Rule 5.
- Three Fouls Rule: A foul is defined as striking the ball with one’s fist in violation of Rules 3, 4, and as described in Rule 5.
- Scoring Rule: A goal is scored when the ball is thrown or batted from the ground into the basket and remains there, as long as the defenders do not touch or interrupt the goal. If the ball is resting on the edges and the opponent moves the basket, it is considered a goal.
- Throw-Ins: When the ball goes out of bounds, the person who first touches it must throw it back into play. If there is a disagreement, the umpire must throw it into the field. The thrower-in has five seconds; if he holds it any longer, it goes to the opponent. If a team continues to delay the game, the umpire will call a foul on that team.
- Foul Limits: The umpire shall be the judge of the men, recording fouls and notifying the referee when three consecutive fouls are committed. He shall have the authority to disqualify men in accordance with Rule 5.
- Out of Bounds Rule: The referee shall be the ball’s judge, determining when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and keeping time. He shall determine when a goal has been made and keep track of the goals, in addition to any other duties normally performed by a referee.
- Game Length: The time will be divided into two 15-minute halves, with a five-minute break in between.
- Sudden Death: The team that scores the most goals in that time period is declared the winner. In the event of a tie, the captains may agree to continue the game until another goal is scored.
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